Entropy in Cryptography: From Shannon to Min-Entropy and RNGs
Shannon entropy measures average surprise; cryptography uses min-entropy, the odds of the best single guess, to size keys, tokens and RNG seeds.
Deep dives, practical guides, and incident analyses from engineers who build Safeguard. No fluff, no vendor FUD — just what you need to ship secure software.
Shannon entropy measures average surprise; cryptography uses min-entropy, the odds of the best single guess, to size keys, tokens and RNG seeds.
Escrow every BitLocker and FileVault recovery key centrally, prove coverage weekly, rotate any key once it is revealed, and log and review every read.
No standard defines a DataBOM. SPDX 3 has a Dataset profile and CycloneDX has data components. Here is every field, a mapping and a validated example.
SPDX went from 1.0 in 2011 to 2.3 in 2022, ISO/IEC 5962 (2.2.1) in 2021 and 3.0.1 in 2024. What each version added and how to move from 2.3.
Wi-Fi 7 MLO binds several radio links into one association with one set of pairwise keys. How WPA3, PMF, MLD addresses and monitoring change for defenders.
DDR5 splits each DIMM into two subchannels, adds on-die ECC and a PMIC, and fights Rowhammer with RFM and PRAC. What each does, and what research showed.
A PCR is a TPM register you can only extend, never set. What PCRs 0 to 15 measure, how to read the boot event log, and how to bind disk keys safely.
How SPDX 3.0.1 fields map to CycloneDX 1.7, which open source tools convert in which direction, and how to test a round trip for lost or altered data.
A CycloneDX CBOM records algorithms, certificates, protocols and keys as cryptographic-asset components. Every field explained, plus how to generate one.
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