How a Laser Printer Is Made: Drums, Toner, Firmware and Tracking Dots
A laser printer charges a drum, writes it with a laser, develops it with toner and fuses the image with heat. How each part is made and how to secure it.
Deep dives, practical guides, and incident analyses from engineers who build Safeguard. No fluff, no vendor FUD — just what you need to ship secure software.
A laser printer charges a drum, writes it with a laser, develops it with toner and fuses the image with heat. How each part is made and how to secure it.
A USB flash drive is NAND flash plus a small controller running firmware. Here is how each part is made, how fake capacity works, and how to test and wipe.
HDMI and DisplayPort carry pixels on fast lanes plus slow side channels: EDID says what a screen supports, CEC and AUX carry control, HDCP encrypts content.
Void is an independent rolling distro with no versions, only dated images. Its history from 2008, runit, XBPS signing, musl vs glibc and safe updates.
illumos forked from OpenSolaris in August 2010. Every OmniOS release with support dates, OpenIndiana Hipster snapshots, SmartOS and Tribblix explained.
Every Proxmox VE release from 1.0 (2008) to 9.2 (2026): Debian base, default kernel, QEMU, ZFS and Ceph versions, end of life dates and how to upgrade.
IEC 61850 is the IEC TC 57 standard for substation automation. How the data model, SCL, MMS, GOOSE and Sampled Values work, and what IEC 62351 secures.
Pingora before 0.9.0 let a client's Connection header make a later proxy drop X-Forwarded-For, bypassing IP checks. Who is affected and how to fix it.
DHS FASCSA Order 2026-01 excludes and removes DeepSeek products from civilian agency IT. What the order says and how suppliers inventory DeepSeek use.
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