Vulnerability Management
In-depth guides and analysis on vulnerability management from the Safeguard engineering team.
135 articles
HTTP/2 Rapid Reset: inside CVE-2023-44487
A single HTTP/2 feature let attackers hit 398 million requests per second. Here's how Rapid Reset (CVE-2023-44487) broke nearly every major web server at once.
Log4Shell and Spring4Shell, years later: why the same bug keeps coming back
CVE-2021-44228 scored a perfect CVSS 10.0 and hit CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities list the day it was published — the root cause hasn't gone away.
The 10 most common code-level vulnerability classes, ranked by real-world data
MITRE's 2025 CWE Top 25 scored 39,080 CVEs — cross-site scripting still ranks #1, but Missing Authorization jumped five spots. Here's how to prevent each class.
NVD's enrichment backlog and how to build a multi-source vuln database strategy
NIST enriched 42,000 CVEs in 2025 — 45% more than any prior year — and still fell behind. On April 15, 2026, it stopped trying to enrich everything.
What PHP's use-after-free bugs teach us about dynamic-runtime memory safety
Check Point disclosed three PHP 7 unserialize zero-days in 2016 alone. A decade of PHP use-after-free CVEs shows memory-safety risk doesn't end at the C/C++ boundary.
Prioritizing vulnerabilities by real-world risk, not raw CVSS score
Kenna/Cyentia found just 2.6% of 2019's tracked CVEs were ever actively exploited — yet most teams still triage backlogs by CVSS score alone.
CVE-2022-1471: Inside the SnakeYaml Deserialization RCE
CVE-2022-1471 scored 9.8 CRITICAL under NIST's CVSS calculation — a single YAML tag could hand attackers remote code execution in any Java app parsing untrusted input.
How task-scheduler RCEs become cryptomining botnets
Two chained Apache Airflow CVEs and a Rundeck YAML deserialization bug show how scheduler tools turn one flaw into unauthenticated RCE and persistent mining.
Using EPSS scores for vulnerability remediation prioritization
EPSS predicts exploitation probability for every CVE on a 0-1 scale, updated daily. Paired with CVSS, it turns a 1,000-ticket backlog into a short, defensible list.
CWE vs. CVE vs. CVSS: The Vocabulary Every AppSec Team Gets Wrong
One CWE weakness class can spawn thousands of CVEs, and a single CVE can now carry two different CVSS scores at once — most teams still use the terms interchangeably.
The libwebp heap overflow that patched half the internet: CVE-2023-4863
One heap buffer overflow in a 15-year-old image codec forced Chrome, Firefox, Edge, Electron apps, and entire Linux distros to ship emergency patches within days.
Open Source Vulnerability Databases Compared: NVD, OSV, GitHub Advisory, and More
Not all vulnerability databases are created equal. A detailed comparison of coverage, timeliness, accuracy, and practical usability across the major databases.
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