Vulnerability Analysis
In-depth guides and analysis on vulnerability analysis from the Safeguard engineering team.
568 articles
NVD in the AI era: multi-source vulnerability intelligence
NVD's 2024 enrichment backlog exposed the risk of a single vulnerability feed. Here's how multi-source data and AI triage close the gap.
What is a known vulnerability?
A known vulnerability is a publicly disclosed, CVE-tracked flaw — and disclosure alone doesn't mean it's fixed, patched, or harmless.
Understanding CVSS scoring for vulnerabilities
CVSS scores run 0-10, but a 9.8 doesn't always mean patch tonight. Here's how base scores are calculated and why context beats the number.
When is a CVE not a CVE?
Not all CVEs are equal: NVD's 2024 backlog, disputed curl CVEs, and duplicate OpenSSL bugs show why CVE quality varies wildly.
Vulnerability vs weakness: CVE vs CWE explained
CVE identifies one specific vulnerability; CWE identifies the weakness pattern behind it. Here's how the two taxonomies connect and why both matter.
The CWE Top 25 most dangerous software weaknesses
MITRE's 2023 CWE Top 25 ranks the software weaknesses behind 43,996 CVEs. Here's how it's scored, what moved, and how to prioritize fixes.
CVE-2025-29927: Next.js middleware authorization bypass
A spoofable internal header let attackers skip Next.js middleware outright, bypassing auth and route protection across many production deployments.
React Server Components RCE vulnerability advisory
CVE-2025-29927 lets attackers bypass Next.js middleware auth with a forged header — a chain that can escalate to full RCE on React Server Components apps.
Palo Alto PAN-OS CVE-2026-0265: CAS Signature-Verification Auth Bypass (May 2026)
Palo Alto disclosed CVE-2026-0265 on May 13, 2026, a cryptographic-signature-verification flaw in Cloud Authentication Service that bypasses PAN-OS authentication. Researchers claim live GlobalProtect portal bypasses. Full analysis.
CVE-2026-41089: The Unauthenticated Netlogon RCE That Owns Your Domain Controller
CVE-2026-41089 is a CVSS 9.8 unauthenticated remote code execution flaw in Windows Netlogon: an integer overflow in MS-NRPC handshake parsing leads to a stack overflow on domain controllers, with no credentials or user interaction required.
SAP May 2026: Two CVSS 9.6 Bugs Put S/4HANA SQL and Commerce Cloud RCE in the Crosshairs
SAP's May 2026 Patch Day fixed two critical CVSS 9.6 flaws: CVE-2026-34260, an authenticated SQL injection in S/4HANA Enterprise Search, and CVE-2026-34263, an unauthenticated configuration-upload-to-RCE in SAP Commerce Cloud. Both carry cross-scope impact.
Ivanti EPMM CVE-2026-6973: Authenticated RCE on CISA KEV in May 2026
Ivanti disclosed CVE-2026-6973 on May 7, 2026, an improper-input-validation RCE in Endpoint Manager Mobile already seeing limited exploitation. CISA gave federal agencies a three-day patch deadline.